The first complete δ13Corg record of the uppermost Hirnantian to lower Telychian strata of the Barrandian area (northern peri-Gondwana) is presented based on 168 new samples. The new data from the study area reveal that the evolution of the Llandoverian organic carbon isotope reservoir was similar to that on other palaeoplates, but it differs from the development of the coeval carbonate carbon isotope reservoir in the absence of two δ13C excursions (i.e. the early Aeronian positive excursion in the upper part of the Demirastrites triangulatus graptolite Biozone and a negative excursion occurring close to the boundary between the Cystograptus vesiculosus and Coronograptus cyphus graptolite biozones).
Azmy, K., Veizer, J., Bassett, M. G. & Copper, P. 1998. Oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of Silurian brachiopods: implications for coeval seawater and glaciations. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 110, 1499–1512.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1998)110<1499:OACICO>2.3.CO;2
Buggisch, W. & Mann, U. 2004. Carbon isotope stratigraphy of Lochkovian to Eifelian limestones from the Devonian of central and southern Europe. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 93, 521–541.
Chlupáč, I., Havlíček, V., Kříž, J., Kukal, Z. & Štorch, P. 1998. Palaeozoic of the Barrandian (Cambrian to Devonian). Czech Geological Survey, Prague, 183 pp.
Fan, J. X., Peng, P. & Melchin, M. J. 2009. Carbon isotopes and event stratigraphy near the Ordovician–Silurian boundary, Yichang, South China. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 276, 160–169.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.007
Frýda, J. & Frýdová, B. 2014. First evidence for the Homerian (late Wenlock, Silurian) positive carbon isotope excursion from peri-Gondwana: new data from the Barrandian (Perunica). Bulletin of Geosciences, 89, 617–634.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1493
Frýda, J. & Manda, Š. 2013. A long-lasting steady period of isotopically heavy carbon in the late Silurian ocean: evolution of the δ13C record and its significance for an integrated δ13C, graptolite and conodont stratigraphy. Bulletin of Geosciences, 88, 2, 463–482.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1436
Frýda, J., Lehnert, O. & Joachimski, M. M. 2015. First record of the early Sheinwoodian carbon isotope excursion (ESICE) from the Barrandian area of northwestern peri-Gondwana. Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences, 64 [accepted].
Gorjan, P., Kaiho, K., Fike, D. A. & Chen, X. 2012. Carbon and sulfur isotope geochemistry of the Hirnantian (Late Ordovician) Wangjiawan (Riverside) section, South China: global correlation and environmental event interpretation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 337, 14–22.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.03.021
Gouldey, J. C., Saltzman, M. R., Young, S. A. & Kaljo, D. 2010. Strontium and carbon isotope stratigraphy of the Llandovery (Early Silurian): implications for tectonics and weathering. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 296, 264–275.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2010.05.035
Havlíček, V. & Kříž, J. 1973. Svrchní llandover a spodní devon u Hýskova (Barrandien) [Upper Llandovery and Lower Devonian near Hýskov (Barrandian)]. Věstník ÚÚG, 48, 2, 103–107 [in Czech].
Hladíková, J., Hladil, J. & Křibek, B. 1997. Carbon and oxygen isotope record across Pridoli to Givetian stage boundaries in the Barrandian basin (Czech Republic). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 132, 225–241.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-0182(97)00062-X
Kaljo, D. & Martma, T. 2000. Carbon isotopic composition of Llandovery rocks (East Baltic Silurian) with environmental interpretation. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology, 49, 267–283.
Kraft, J. 1982. Dendroid graptolites of Llandoverian age from Hýskov near Beroun (Barrandian). Sborník Geologických věd, Paleontologie, 25, 83–95.
Kříž, J. 1992. Silurian field excursions: Prague Basin (Barrandian), Bohemia. National Museum Wales, Geological Series, 13, 1–111.
LaPorte, D. F., Holmden, C., Patterson, W. P., Loxton, J. D., Melchin, M. J., Mitchell, C. E, Finney, S. C & Sheets, H. D. 2009. Local and global perspectives on carbon and nitrogen cycling during the Hirnantian glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 276, 182–195.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.03.009
Lehnert, O., Frýda, J., Buggisch, W. & Manda, Š. 2003. A first report of the Ludlow Lau Event from the Prague Basin (Barrandian, Czech Republic). Insugeo, Serie Correlación Geológica, 18, 139–144.
Lehnert, O., Frýda, J., Buggisch, W., Munnecke, A., Nützel, A., Kříž, J. & Manda, Š. 2007. δ13C record across the Ludlow Lau Event: new data from mid palaeo-latitudes of northern peri-Gondwana (Prague Basin, Czech Republic). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 245, 227–244.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.02.022
Loader, C. R. 1999. Local Regression and Likelihood. Springer, Berlin, 290 pp.
Loydell, D. K., Butcher, A., Frýda, J., Lüning, S. & Fowler, M. 2009. Lower Silurian “hot shales” in Jordan: a new depositional model. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 32, 261–270.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.2009.00447.x
Loydell, D. K., Butcher, A. & Frýda, J. 2013. The middle Rhuddanian (lower Silurian) ‘hot’ shale of North Africa and Arabia: an atypical hydrocarbon source rock. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 386, 233–256.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.05.027
Manda, Š. & Frýda, J. 2010. Silurian–Devonian boundary events and their influence on cephalopod evolution: evolutionary significance of cephalopod egg size during mass extinctions. Bulletin of Geosciences, 85, 513–540.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3140/bull.geosci.1174
Melchin, M. J. & Holmden, C. 2006. Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy of the Llandovery in Arctic Canada: implications for global correlation and sea-level change. GFF, 128, 173–180.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035890601282173
Põldvere, A. (ed.). 2003. Ruhnu (500) drill core. Estonian Geological Sections, 5, 1–76.
Šnajdr, M. 1978. Llandoverian trilobites from Hýskov (Barrandian area). Sborník geologických věd, Paleontologie, 21, 7–47.
Štorch, P. 1994. Graptolite biostratigraphy of the Lower Silurian (Llandovery and Wenlock) of Bohemia. Geological Journal, 29, 137–165.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.3350290204
Štorch, P. 2001. Graptolites, stratigraphy and depositional setting of the middle Llandovery (Silurian) volcanic-carbonate facies at Hýskov (Barrandian area, Czech Republic). Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey, 76, 55–76.
Štorch, P. 2006. Facies development, depositional settings and sequence stratigraphy across the Ordovician–Silurian boundary: a new perspective from the Barrandian area of the Czech Republic. Geological Journal, 41, 163–192.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.1038
Štorch, P. & Frýda, J. 2012. Late Aeronian graptolite sedgwickii Event, associated carbon isotope excursion and facies changes in the Prague Synform (Barrandian, Bohemia). Geological Magazine, 149, 1089–1106.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S001675681200026X
Underwood, C. J., Crowley, S. F., Marshall, J. D. & Brenchley, P. J. 1997. High-resolution carbon isotope stratigraphy of the basal Silurian stratotype (Dob’s Linn, Scotland) and its global correlation. Journal of the Geological Society of London, 154, 709–718.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.154.4.0709
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.12.016